Basic, all group parameters was in the father-son matchmaking quality
1st correlations between group parameters and father-man dating high quality indicated that father decades, training, household money, and you can competition/ethnicity was basically significantly associated with the father-son relationship; therefore, such variables were inserted on architectural equation patterns as control (bivariate correlations provided by very first copywriter). Initial correlations certainly variables of interest expressed adequate connections to help you warrant next testing of one’s hypothesized model (see Table 2 ).
Structural Formula Activities
In the model testing associations between controls, father relationships with PGF, father involvement, and father-child relationship quality, multiple associations were significant. Father race/ethnicity was assessed via dummy coded variables (White vs. Black, Hispanic, and Other), and both Black and Hispanic fathers were significantly associated with father-child relationship quality. Children of Black and Hispanic fathers reported lower quality relationships relative to children of White fathers, ? = ?.11, p < .01 and ? = ?.06, p < .01, respectively; having the Other racial/ethnic background was not associated with father-child relationship quality. Fathers' age, ? = .05, p < .05, education level, ? = .08, p < .01, and household income, ? = .06, p < .05, also were positively associated with father-child relationship quality, such that older, more educated, and higher income fathers had children who reported higher father-child relationship quality at age 9.
Regarding the primary associations of interest, results of the model indicated that, when fathers reported at the time of their children’s births that PGF were more involved when the father was growing up, fathers also reported having better relationships with PGF at child age 1, ? = .49, p < .001.